The toxicity is not due to hexane itself but to one of its metabolites, hexane-2,5-dione. They are associated with a degeneration of the peripheral nervous system (and eventually the central nervous system), starting with the distal portions of the longer and wider nerve axons. Similar symptoms are observed in animal models. In severe cases, atrophy of the skeletal muscles is observed, along with a loss of coordination and problems of vision. The initial symptoms are tingling and cramps in the arms and legs, followed by general muscular weakness. Inhalation of high concentrations produces first a state of mild euphoria, followed by somnolence with headaches and nausea.Ĭhronic intoxication from hexane has been observed in recreational solvent abusers and in workers in the shoe manufacturing, furniture restoration and automobile construction industries. The acute toxicity of hexane is relatively low, although it is a mild anesthetic. The industrial product (usually around 50% by weight of the straight-chain isomer) is the fraction boiling at 65–70 ° C. The exact composition of the fraction depends largely on the source of the oil (crude or reformed) and the constraints of the refining. Hexane is produced by the refining of crude oil. 2,2-Dimethylbutane, CH 3C(CH 3) 2CH 2CH 3, a four-carbon chain with two methyl branches on the second.2,3-Dimethylbutane, CH 3CH(CH 3)CH(CH 3)CH 3, a four-carbon chain with one methyl branch on the second and third.3-Methylpentane, CH 3CH 2CH(CH 3)CH 2CH 3, a five-carbon chain with one methyl branch on the third.2-Methylpentane (Isohexane), CH 3CH(CH 3)CH 2CH 2CH 3, a five-carbon chain with one methyl branch on the second.Hexane, CH 3CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 3, a straight chain of six carbon atoms.Additionally, it is used in solvents to extract oils for cooking and as a cleansing agent for shoe, furniture and textile manufacturing. They are also common constituents of gasoline and glues used for shoes, leather products and roofing. Hexane isomers are largely unreactive, and are frequently used as an inert solvent in organic reactions because they are very non-polar. The "hex" prefix refers to its six carbons, while the "ane" ending indicates that its carbons are connected by single bonds. Hexane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH 3(CH 2) 4CH 3. (S2), S9, S16, S29, S33, S36/37, S61, S62Įxcept where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 ☌, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references
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